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William Eustis

William Eustis
12th Governor of MassachusettsIn office
May 31, 1823 – February 6, 1825LieutenantLevi Lincoln, Jr.(1823-1824)
Marcus Morton(1824-1825) Preceded by John BrooksSucceeded by Marcus MortonMember of the U.S. House of Representativesfrom Massachusetts's 1st, 8th, & 13thdistricts In office
March 4, 1801 – March 3, 1803(8th)
March 4, 1803– March 3, 1805(1st)
August 21, 1820– March 3, 1823(13th) Preceded by Harrison Gray Otis(1801)
John Bacon(1803)
Edward Dowse(1820) Succeeded by Lemuel Williams(1803)
Josiah Quincy III(1805)
John Reed, Jr.(1823) 6th United States Secretary of WarIn office
March 7, 1809 – January 13, 1813President James MadisonPreceded by Henry DearbornSucceeded by John Armstrong, Jr.Born June 10, 1753(1753-06-10)
Cambridge, MassachusettsDied February 6, 1825(aged 71)
Boston, MassachusettsPolitical party Democratic-RepublicanSpouse Caroline Langdon

William Eustis (June 10, 1753 – February 6, 1825) was an early American statesman.

He was born in Cambridge, Massachusetts and studied at the Boston Latin School before he entered Harvard College, from which he graduated in 1772. He studied medicine under Dr. Joseph Warren and helped care for the wounded at the Battle of Bunker Hill, where Warren was killed. He served the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War as surgeon of the artillery regiment at Cambridge and then as a hospital surgeon.

He entered medical practice in Boston after the war and served as surgeon with the Shays Rebellion expedition of 1786–1787.

He became vice president of the Society of the Cincinnati, serving from 1786 to 1810 and again in 1820.

He served in the Massachusetts General Court from 1788 to 1794 and was a member of the Governor's Council for two years. Following this he served two terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1801 to 1804, representing Massachusetts in the 7th and 8th Congresses, and having won close races over Josiah Quincy III and John Quincy Adams. While in the House he was one of the managers appointed by the House of Representatives in 1804 to conduct the impeachment proceedings against John Pickering, judge of the United States District Court for New Hampshire.

He served as United States Secretary of War from March 7, 1809 to January 13, 1813. During his tenure, he attempted to prepare the U.S. Army for the outbreak of the War of 1812, and resigned in the face of criticism following American reversal on the battlefield.

He was appointed United States Ambassador to Holland by President James Madison, serving from 1814 to 1818.

He returned home from Europe because of ill health, at which time he purchased and resided in the historic Shirley-Eustis House in Roxbury, Massachusetts. He was again elected to the United States House of Representatives and served 1820 to 1823, presiding as chairman of the U.S. House Committee on Military Affairs during this time. He ran unsuccessfully for Governor of Massachusetts three times (in 1820, 1821 and 1822) and was finally elected governor and served two terms, from 1823 to 1825.

He died in Boston while governor in February 1825 and is buried at the Old Burying Ground, in Lexington, Massachusetts.

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Political offices Preceded by
Henry DearbornUnited States Secretary of War
1809 – 1813 Succeeded by
John Armstrong, Jr.Preceded by
John BrooksGovernor of Massachusetts
May 31, 1823 – February 6, 1825 Succeeded by
Marcus MortonUnited States House of RepresentativesPreceded by
Harrison Gray OtisMember from Massachusetts's 8th congressional district
March 4, 1801 – March 3, 1803 Succeeded by
Lemuel WilliamsPreceded by
John BaconMember from Massachusetts's 1st congressional district
March 4, 1803 – March 3, 1805 Succeeded by
Josiah Quincy IIIPreceded by
Edward DowseMember from Massachusetts's 13th congressional district
August 21, 1820 – March 3, 1823 Succeeded by
John Reed, Jr.Diplomatic posts Preceded by
William Vans MurrayEnvoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Netherlands
December 19, 1814 – May 5, 1818 Succeeded by
Alexander H. Everett
v • d • eUnited StatesSecretaries of Warand Secretaries of the ArmyCabinet-levelKnox• Pickering• McHenry• Dexter• Dearborn• Eustis • Armstrong• Monroe• W. H. Crawford• Calhoun• Barbour• P. B. Porter• Eaton• Cass• Poinsett• Bell• Spencer• J. M. Porter• Wilkins• Marcy• G. W. Crawford• Conrad• J. Davis• Floyd• Holt• S. Cameron• Stanton• Schofield• Rawlins• Belknap• A. Taft• J. Cameron• McCrary• Ramsey• Lincoln• Endicott• Proctor• Elkins• Lamont• Alger• Root• W. H. Taft• Wright• Dickinson• Stimson• Garrison• Baker• Weeks• D. F. Davis• Good• Hurley• Dern• Woodring• Stimson• Patterson• Royall
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v • d • eGovernors of MassachusettsColonyEndecott• Winthrop• T. Dudley• Haynes• Vane• Winthrop• T. Dudley• Bellingham• Winthrop• Endecott• T. Dudley• Winthrop• Endecott• T. Dudley• Endecott• Bellingham• Endecott• Bellingham• Leverett• BradstreetDominionJ. Dudley• Andros• BradstreetProvinceW. Phips• Stoughton* • Coote• Stoughton* • Governor's Council* • J. Dudley• Governor's Council* • J. Dudley• Tailer* • Shute• Dummer* • Burnet• Dummer* • Tailer* • Belcher• Shirley• S. Phips* • Shirley• S. Phips* • Governor's Council* • Pownall• Hutchinson* • Bernard• Hutchinson• GageCommonwealthHancock• Cushing* • Bowdoin• Hancock• Adams• Sumner• Gill* • Governor's Council* • Strong• Sullivan• Lincoln, Sr.* • Gore• Gerry• Strong• Brooks• Eustis • Morton* • Lincoln, Jr.• Davis• Armstrong* • Everett• Morton• Davis• Morton• Briggs• Boutwell• Clifford• E. Washburn• Gardner• Banks• Andrew• Bullock• Claflin• W. Washburn• Talbot* • Gaston• Rice• Talbot• Long• Butler• Robinson• Ames• Brackett• Russell• Greenhalge• Wolcott• Crane• Bates• Douglas• Guild• Draper• Foss• Walsh• McCall• Coolidge• Cox• Fuller• Allen• Ely• Curley• Hurley• Saltonstall• Tobin• Bradford• Dever• Herter• Furcolo• Volpe• Peabody• Volpe• Sargent• Dukakis• King• Dukakis• Weld• Cellucci• Swift* • Romney• Patrick
* denotes acting
v • d • eCabinetof PresidentJames Madison(1809 - 1817) Vice PresidentGeorge Clinton(1809 - 1812) · Elbridge Gerry(1813 - 1814) Secretary of StateRobert Smith(1809 – 1811) · James Monroe(1811 – 1814) (1815 – 1817) Secretary of the TreasuryAlbert Gallatin(1809 – 1814) · George W. Campbell(1814) · Alexander J. Dallas(1814 – 1816) · William H. Crawford(1816 – 1817) Secretary of WarWilliam Eustis (1809 – 1813) · John Armstrong, Jr.(1813 – 1814) · James Monroe(1814 – 1815) · William H. Crawford(1815 – 1816) Attorney GeneralCaesar A. Rodney(1809 – 1811) · William Pinkney(1811 – 1814) · Richard Rush(1814 – 1817) Secretary of the NavyPaul Hamilton(1809 – 1813) · William Jones(1813 – 1814) · Benjamin Williams Crowninshield(1814 – 1817)
Categories: United States Secretaries of War | Governors of Massachusetts | United States ambassadors to the Netherlands | American people of the War of 1812 | Members of the Massachusetts General Court | 1753 births | 1825 deaths | Members of the United States House of Representatives from Massachusetts

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