Portal:Austria-Hungary

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Austria-Hungary Austria-Hungary (German: Österreich-Ungarn; Hungarian: Osztrák-Magyar Monarchia; Czech: Rakousko-Uhersko; Polish: Austro-Węgry; Ukrainian: Австро-Угорщина; Romanian: Austro-Ungaria; Croatian: Austro-Ugarska; Slovak: Rakúsko-Uhorsko; Serbian: Аустро-Угарска; Slovene: Avstro-Ogrska; Bosnian: Austro-Ugarska), also known as the Dual Monarchy or K.u.K.Monarchy, was a dual-monarchic unionstate (1867–1918) in Central Europe. It replaced the Austrian Empire(1806–1867) on the same territory and originated in a compromisebetween the ruling Habsburgdynasty and the Hungarians in order to maintain the state. As a multi-national empirein an era of nationalawakening, it found its political life dominated by disputes among the eleven principal national groups. Its economic and social life was marked by a rapid economic growth through the age of industrializationand social modernization through many liberal and democratic reforms.

The Habsburg dynasty ruled as Emperors of Austria over the western and northern half of the country and as Kings of Hungary over the Kingdom of Hungary, which enjoyed some degree of self-government and representation in joint affairs (principally foreign relations and defence). The federation bore the full name of "The Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council and the Lands of the Crown of St. Stephen".

The union state' capital city was Vienna. The empire was the second largest country in Europe by size (after the Russian Empire) and the third largest by population (after Russia and the German Empire).

Featured Article [1]The Germanterm Ausgleich (Hungariankiegyezés) refers to the "compromise" or compositionof February 1867that established the Dual Monarchyof Austria-Hungary, which was signed by Franz Joseph of Austriaand a Hungarian delegation led by Ferenc Deák. The compromise followed a series of failed constitutional reforms of the Habsburg Empire. Under the new arrangement the Magyardominated government of Hungarygained near equal status to the Austrian government based in Vienna, while the common monarch government had responsibility for the army, navy, foreign policy, and customs union. The compromise was made under dire circumstances by the monarchy in an attempt to quiet internal dissent in the face of aggression from Prussia, as well as internal agitation by the various nationalities of the Empire.

The former revolutionaries — German and Magyar — became de facto "peoples of state", each ruling half of a twin country united only at the top through the King-Emperor and the common Ministries of Foreign Affairs and of War. Each half of the country had its own Prime Minister and parliament: in Hungary the Diet was restored to power. The special status of Transylvania and the Military Border ended: a new Nationalities Law was intended to preserve the rights of Romanians and Serbs, but was often violated in practice.

Featured Person [2]Image:Francis Joseph I.jpg150px

Francis Joseph I (in German often abbreviated Franz Joseph or Franz Josef, and in English also Francis Joseph) (August 18, 1830 – November 21, 1916) of the Habsburg Dynasty was Emperor of Austria and King of Bohemia from 1848 until 1916, and Apostolic King of Hungary from 1867 until 1916. He was born in Vienna, Austria. His 68-year reign, which was the second-longest in the recorded history of Europe (after that of Louis XIV), made him the longest-serving German-speaking monarch who is known to have at least nominally ruled.

Featured Picture edit

Crown Prince Rudolf of Austro-Hungary (21 August 1858 – 30 January 1889) was the son and heir of Emperor Franz Josef of Austria and Elisabeth of Austria. His death, apparently through suicide, along with that of his mistress, Baroness Mary Vetsera at his Mayerling hunting lodge in 1889 made international headlines, fueled international conspiracy rumours and ultimately may have sealed the long-term fate of the Habsburg monarchy.

Did you know... [3]

... that an Austro-Hungarian exploration mission between 1872 and 1874 discovered Franz-Josef Land?
... that k.u.k. stood for kaiserlich und königlich -- German for Imperial and Royal.?
... that the Hungarian politician Miklós Horthy was an important Austro-Hungarian naval officer in World War I?
... that Family names in Hungary — similarly to those in East Asia — are first, followed by the given names [Christian names in the olden days]. Hungarians usually accepted the western practise of reversing their names abroad for simplicity's sake. To be sure to recognise the family names, it is advised to spell them in ALL-CAPS. I.e. LISZT Ferenc, a.k.a. Franz LISZT, or HORTHY Miklós, a.k.a. Miklos HORTHY.

Topics [4]

Web Resources [5]

Demographics of Austria-Hungary [6]German: 24%

Hungarian: 20%

Czech: 13%

Polish: 10%

Ruthenian: 8%

Romanian: 6%

Croat: 5%

Slovak: 4%

Serb: 4%

Slovene: 3%

Italian: 3%

Portal Information [7]

Founder: Petrovic-Njegos
Moderators: Petrovic-Njegos

Featured Biography [8]

Karl I (August 17, 1887 – April 1, 1922), Karl Franz Josef Ludwig Hubert Georg Maria von Habsburg-Lothringen (Hungarian: Károly IV (Károly Ferenc József)), was (among other titles) the last Emperor of Austria, the last King of Hungary and Bohemia, and the last monarch of the Habsburg Dynasty. He reigned as Emperor Karl I of Austria, King Charles III of Bohemia and King Charles IV of Hungary from 1916 until 1918, when he renounced the government (but did not abdicate), and spent the remaining years of his life attempting to regain the throne until his death in 1922. The pope John Paul 2nd has beatified Karl I.

People [9]

Archdukes, Kaisers

Politicians

Military Personnel

Map of Austria-Hungary [10]

Cisleithania: 1. Bohemia, 2. Bukovina, 3. Carinthia, 4. Carniola, 5. Dalmatia, 6. Galicia, 7. Kustenland, 8. Lower Austria, 9. Moravia, 10. Salzburg, 11. Silesia, 12. Styria, 13. Tirol, 14. Upper Austria, 15. Vorarlberg; Transleithania: 16. Hungary, 17. Croatia and Slavonia; 18. Bosnia and Herzegovina

Other Wikiportals [11]What are portals? | List of portals| Featured portals

Associated Wikimedia [12]Austria-Hungary on Wikinews Austria-Hungary on Wikiquote Austria-Hungary on Wikibooks Austria-Hungary on Wikisource Austria-Hungary on Wiktionary Austria-Hungary on Wikimedia CommonsNews Quotations Manuals & Texts Texts Definitions Images & Media

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